WAEC 2026 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WAEC 2026 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BELOW
*WAEC 2026 BIOLOGY*
(1a)(i)
Pollination.
(1a)(ii)
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower of the same species. In this case, bees carry pollen grains from one flower to another while feeding on nectar.
(1b)(i) Bees
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Hairy body which traps pollen grains.
(ii) Long proboscis for sucking nectar.
(iii) Strong wings for moving from flower to flower.
(iv) Well-developed sense of smell for locating flowers.
(1b)(ii) Plants
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Brightly coloured petals which attract bees.
(ii) Sweet scent which attracts bees.
(iii) Presence of nectar in the flowers.
(iv) Sticky pollen grains which adhere to the body of bees.
(1c)
The plants provide nectar as food for the bees.
*WAEC 2026 BIOLOGY*
(1d)(i)
(i) Androecium (stamens)
(ii) Gynoecium (carpels/pistil)
(1d)(ii)
(i) Petals (corolla)
(ii) Sepals (calyx)
(1e)
Double fertilization is the process in which two male gametes take part in fertilization. One male gamete fuses with the egg cell to form a zygote, while the other fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the endosperm.
(1f)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) The fruit is a dry pod that splits open when ripe.
(ii) The pod bursts explosively, scattering the seeds.
(iii) The fruit has elastic valves that aid seed dispersal.
(iv) The pod becomes dry and dehiscent at maturity.
(1g)
| Fruit | Type of placentation |
|———-|———————-|
| Cowpea | Marginal |
| Okra | Axile |
| Pawpaw | Parietal |
Pawpaw Parietal
(2a)
Translocation is the movement of manufactured food materials, mainly sugars, from the leaves to other parts of the plant through the phloem tissues for storage and utilization.
*WAEC BIOLOGY*
*NUMBER THREE*
(3a)
(3bi)
Iroko
(3bii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Quadrat sampling method.
(ii) Transect sampling method.
(iii) Plot sampling method.
(iv) Random sampling method.
(v) Census/counting method.
(3c)
Population Density = Number of Hevea sp. ÷ Area of rainforest
= 5 ÷ 1000
= 0.005 plants/m²
(3di)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Establishing game reserves and national parks.
(ii) Enforcing laws against poaching and illegal hunting.
(iii) Afforestation and reforestation programmes.
(iv) Captive breeding of endangered species.
(v) Public enlightenment on conservation.
(vi) Protection of natural habitats.
(vii) Regulating exploitation of forest resources.
(viii) Establishment of seed banks and gene banks.
(3dii)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Provides timber and other forest products.
(ii) Prevents soil erosion.
(iii) Regulates climate and rainfall.
(iv) Improves air quality by releasing oxygen.
(v) Conserves biodiversity.
(vi) Provides employment opportunities.
(vii) Serves as a source of medicinal plants.
(viii) Protects water catchment areas.
*WAEC BIOLOGY*
*NUMBER FOUR*
(4a)
Social behaviour
(4b)
(4c)
(i) Termites
(ii) Honey bees
(4di)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Division of labour increases efficiency.
(ii) Better protection against predators and enemies.
(iii) Easier collection and storage of food.
(iv) Proper care and protection of young ones.
(v) Increased chances of survival of the colony.
(vi) Faster construction and maintenance of nests.
(vii) Efficient utilization of resources.
(viii) Greater success in reproduction.
(4dii)
(i) Chemical signals (pheromones).
(ii) Touching/contact through antennae.
*WAEC BIOLOGY*
*NUMBER FIVE*
(5a)
Energy flow in an ecosystem is non-cyclic because energy enters the ecosystem from the sun, passes through producers and consumers, and is eventually lost as heat to the environment. The lost energy cannot be reused by organisms, so it does not return to its source.
(5b)
Check the image below
(5c)
Check the image below
(5di)
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can only be transformed from one form to another.
(5dii)
During every energy transfer, some energy is lost as heat to the environment, making less energy available at the next trophic level.
(5e)
(i) Possesses suckers and hooks for firm attachment to the host’s intestine.
(ii) Has a large body surface for absorption of digested food.
(iii) Lacks a digestive system and absorbs nutrients directly through its body wall.
(5fi)
A: Aquatic habitat (water).
B: Terrestrial habitat (land).
(5fii)
A:
(i) Water current.
(ii) Dissolved oxygen.
B:
(i) Wind.
(ii) Soil type.
*BIOLOGY OBJ – TRACE YOUR ANSWERS*
01. A virus
02. Spirogyra → fern → cycad → Tridax
03. Possess chlorophyll
04. Mitochondrion
05. *
06. *
07. Contractile vacuole and kidney
08. Movement and nutrition
09. Chloroplast
10. Carbon (IV) oxide
11. Fertilization
12. Undergo mitotic division
13. Earthworm and hydrostatic skeleton
14. Parenchyma
15. Erythrocyte
16. Is excreted with minimal water loss
17. Maintenance of a steady internal environment of the body
18. Medulla oblongata
19. Oestrogen
20. Imbibition
21. Potometer
22. Stomata
23. NADP
24. Hydra
25. Diabetes
26. Saprophytic
27. Increased competition and food shortage
28. Encourage birth control measures
29. Light, rainfall and temperature
30. Numbers
31. Trees
32. Faeces
33. One partner benefits and the other neither loses nor benefits
34. Periodic shedding of exoskeleton for growth
35. Possesses haustoria
36. Increase in number of antelopes
37. Using old newspapers to make tissue papers
38. Petroleum, coal, tin and copper
39. Exploiting new crude oil reserves
40. I and II only
41. Blood group
42. Discontinuous
43. Chiasma formation
44. 25%
45. Interphase of mitosis
46. 16
47. Diabetes
48. More variation in a population
49. Evolution
50. Sedimentary rocks
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