IJMB 2024 GOVERNMENT PAPER I
IJMB 2024 GOVERNMENT PAPER I QUESTIONS BELOW
IJMB 2024 GOVERNMENT PAPER I
IJMB 2024 GOVERNMENT PAPER I ANSWERS BELOW
IJMB GOVERNMENT
NUMBER 2
Citizenship refers to the status of being a citizen of a particular country, which grants an individual certain rights, privileges, and responsibilities. It is typically acquired through birth, naturalization, or other legal means.
Some key aspects of citizenship include:
– Legal rights and protections
– Voting rights and participation in the political process
– Access to public services and benefits
– Sense of identity and belonging
– Responsibilities, such as paying taxes and obeying laws
Here are four common means of acquiring citizenship:
1. Birth: In many countries, anyone born within the country’s territory automatically acquires citizenship. This is known as jus soli or right of the soil.
2. Descent: Some countries grant citizenship to individuals based on their parents’ or grandparents’ citizenship, even if they were born abroad. This is known as jus sanguinis or right of blood.
3. Naturalization: This is the process by which a non-citizen becomes a citizen of a country after meeting certain eligibility requirements, such as residency, language proficiency, and passing a citizenship test.
4. Marriage: In some countries, marrying a citizen can lead to citizenship, often after meeting certain residency and other requirements.
IJMB GOVERNMENT
NUMBER 4
1. Written Constitution:
A written constitution refers to a constitution that has its fundamental laws, conventions,
principles, customs, norms, rules and regulations which governs a country written down in a
single document. Examples of country that operate written constitutions are Nigeria, USA,
Canada, Ghana, France and India.
2. Unwritten Constitution:
An unwritten constitution is one in which the fundamental laws, conventions, principles,
customs, norms, rules and regulations which govern a country are not written down in a single
document. It is the opposite of written constitution. Britain and New Zealand.
3. Rigid Constitution:
A rigid constitution is a constitution that cannot be easily changed because its amendment
process is cumbersome. Examples of countries with rigid constitutions are Nigeria and United
States of America.
4. Flexible Constitution:
Flexible constitutions are those in which an amendment does not involve any lengthy or difficult
procedure. Examples of countries with flexible constitutions are Britain, Italy and New Zealand.
IJMB GOVERNMENT
NUMBER 6
Four major problems facing public corporations in developing countries
1. Soaring debt: Public corporations in developing countries are facing a major debt crisis, which undermines their ability to provide basic services such as healthcare and education.
2. Export marginalization: Less Developed Countries are marginalized in global trade, accounting for only 1% of global merchandise exports since 2010. Most of these countries are dependent on primary goods like copper, cotton, and oil, which makes them vulnerable to global crises and price volatility.
3. Energy poverty: More than half of the population in Less Developed Countries lacks access to electricity, with 458 million people living in rural areas without electricity. This hinders the ability of these countries to recover from crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
4. Climate vulnerability: Less Developed Countries are on the front lines of the climate crisis, accounting for 69% of global deaths caused by climate disasters. However, their carbon footprint is significantly lower than developed countries, with the average person in an Less Developed Countries producing 23 times less Carbon dioxide than someone in a developed country.
IJMB GOVERNMENT
NUMBER 7
The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) faces the following challenges
– Insecurity: The region faces conflicts, terrorism, farmer-herder clashes and insurgency, leading to a large number of internally displaced people and refugees.
– Lack of internal trade: Despite the potential for local food production, many countries in West Africa rely on imports, resulting in high levels of unemployment and hindering economic growth.
– Drug trafficking: There has been a significant increase in drug trafficking and use in the region, with seizures of cocaine in the Sahel increasing from 13kg per year between 2015 and 2020 to 1,466kg in 2022.
– Democratic stability: There has been a surge in coups in West Africa, with six successful and two attempted coups since 2020, leading to political instability and economic sanctions.
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